How To Prevent Heart Attacks
Overview
According to the WHO, cardiovascular diseases are the leading death cause
in the world. It takes almost 18 million lives every year.
Heart attack is one of the most common types of cardiovascular issues and a serious
medical emergency. It is also known as a myocardial infarction.
Prevent Heart Attacks |
When the blood flows to the heart muscles is blocked, and due to insufficient oxygen supply, the heart muscles die.
It causes heart attacks and may result in death in maximum time.
According to the CDC, one heart attack happens every 36 seconds in the USA.
Then the question may arise as to, what are the symptoms of a heart
attack! What are the causes? How to prevent a heart attack? Are
there any treatment methods?
Heart attacks can be mild (survival),
or massive(fatal) and may happen one or more times in life.
The sooner a patient can get medical
support that restores enough oxygen, and blood supply to the heart muscles, the
better chance of a positive outcome.
The Causes Of Heart Attack
The human heart is an important visceral organ, which pumps blood to the
whole body, even to heart muscles.
During blood pumping, the contraction and relaxation of the heart depend
upon these heart muscles. So, damage in these muscles leads to heart attacks.
The major cause of heart attack as well as heart muscle damage is coronary artery disease (CAD).
In CAD, plaque builds up in the arteries and blocks the proper blood
supply to the heart muscles and the body.
General plaque formation is also known as atherosclerosis.
Coronary artery spasm (CAS) is also responsible for heart attack, but it
is less common.
Symptoms Of Heart Attack
To
prevent a heart attack,
it is necessary to know all the symptoms that a patient may experience.
Sometimes it is quite difficult to
differentiate between a heart attack and heartburn.
The signs of heart attack can vary from individual to individual. But
the common symptoms are chest pain, shortness of breath, dizziness, headache, intense
sweat, nausea, and vomiting.
symptoms of heart attck |
Sometimes people can have few
symptoms and cannot understand that they have had a heart attack.
It can start slowly, the chest pain
or discomfort may be mild, and go over several hours. Eventually, the pain
becomes intense.
Some people do not have any symptoms. Heart attacks that occur without any symptoms are called silent heart attacks, which are the most
dangerous.
The
Risk Factors
Several factors can lead to a heart
attack. We cannot change some factors, such as family history, age, an autoimmune
condition, etc.
However, we can reduce the risk of
heart attack by modifying our daily diet, and lifestyle.
So, the common risk factors are:
1) Those who suffer from lifestyle
diseases, such as obesity, diabetes, high blood pressure, and high cholesterol are more susceptible to a heart attack.
2) People who have a family history
of heart disease, are more prone to heart attacks.
3) Age also plays a vital role in a
heart attack. Study shows that the risk of heart attack increases when a man is
over 45 years and a woman is over 55 years.
4) The heart attack risk is higher
for those who smoke a cigarette, drink alcohol too much, and abuse drugs (like
cocaine or amphetamines)
Because, cigarette and alcohol reduce
the smoothness of the inner lining of blood vessels, and develops
atherosclerotic plaque.
heart attack risk factors |
5) Those people who follow an
unhealthy diet rich in trans fat, junk foods, higher amounts of refined sugar, and fizzy beverages can have a heart attack.
6) In some cases, people with lack
physical exercise, are suffering from heart diseases, and are prone to heart
attacks.
7) Mental stress and sleep apnea can
cause a heart attack.
8) Autoimmune diseases, such as
rheumatoid arthritis, and lupus can increase heart attack risk.
To
prevent a heart attack,
you can control the modifiable risk factors.
Steps To Prevent Heart Attack
Several steps can be taken to prevent a heart attack, these are:
1. Controlling Blood Pressure
High blood pressure increases stress
on the heart health and cardiovascular system. It promotes CAD, and it is too
important to control blood pressure.
Regular screening of blood pressure plays
a vital role in heart health.
We can lower blood pressure by
limiting salt intake, healthy diet, avoiding stress, regular exercise, etc.
2. Managing Diabetes & Cholesterol
Diabetes is a serious issue for heart
patients. It may lead to stroke, peripheral artery disease, and other cardiac problems.
If anyone wants to prevent heart attacks, it is mandatory
to reduce high blood sugar, and control diabetes.
On the other hand, it is very
important to maintain blood cholesterol at an optimum level.
Because, HDL (Good cholesterol) is
healthy for the heart, and improves cardiac functions. But LDL (bad
cholesterol) is very harmful to us.
3. Nutrition & Healthy Diet
Proper nutrition and a healthy diet
play a significant role in preventing heart disease.
A diet full of whole grains, fruits,
vegetables, dietary fibers, and omega 3s helps to prevent heart attacks.
Some foods that are really dangerous
to our hearts such as salt, sugar, hydrogenated vegetable oils, processed carbs,
trans-fat, etc.
Read more topic: Top 9 Foods For Your Better Health
4. Weight Management & Exercise
Being overweight put the heart at
high risk. So, weight management is very important to prevent a heart attack.
Patients suffering from heart
disease, have to balance regular calorie intake.
On the other hand, regular exercise of at least 30 minutes a day is most beneficial to our heart health.
steps to prevent heart attacks |
Exercise can increase blood
circulation in the body, maintain blood pressure, sugar levels, and cholesterol
at an optimum level.
Additionally, exercise reduces excess
body fat and maintains a healthy body weight.
However, exercise should not be
intense. Important is to stay active.
Know more topic: Top 10 Breakfast Foods For Weight Loss
5. Managing Mental Stress
According to research, there is a
link between heart disease and high amounts of mental stress.
Stress can cause hypertension, sleep loss, exhaustion, and promote the risk of a
heart attack. Chronic stress creates a load on our hearts.
So, it is very important to adopt
several stress-reducing habits to prevent
heart attacks.
Physical activities, yoga,
meditation, aromatherapy, and breathing exercise are very helpful to manage stress.
6. Quitting Smoking & Alcohol Abuse
Smoking and alcohol abuse are very harmful to cardiac health. Both are the
major risk factors for CAD, heart attack, stroke, etc.
Smoking causes plaque formation in
the artery, hardens them, promotes atherosclerosis, and lowers the blood flow
even in the cardiac muscles.
Quitting smoking has been proven to
reduce cardiac issues.
On the other hand, chronic alcohol
drinkers have a higher risk of heart attacks. Alcohol abuse weakens heart
muscles and triggers cardiomyopathy.
So, try to avoid excess alcohol
consumption for a healthy heart.
Heart Attack Treatment
Certain tests and medicines are recommended by physicians or registered medical practitioners during heart attack treatment.
These are electrocardiogram (ECG),
echocardiogram, angiogram, cardiac CT scan, chest X-ray, and certain blood tests.
On the other hand, each second after
a heart attack, heart muscles die, and restoring blood flow as soon as possible
helps to prevent further damage.
So, the medications used to treat
heart attacks are:
1)
Aspirin. Administration
of aspirin immediately after a heart attack can prevent platelets gathering,
and stop unwanted blood clotting in the artery.
Aspirin improves blood flow even
through a narrow artery.
2)
Nitroglycerin. It
reduces the workload of the heart and improves blood flow to the cardiac muscles
by dilating blood vessels.
3)
Statins. These
classes of medicines control, and lower blood cholesterol levels, reduce the
risk of atherosclerosis and prevent
heart attacks.
4)
ACE Inhibitors. Angiotensin-converting
enzyme (ACE) is responsible for increasing blood pressure.
So, ACE inhibitors lower blood
pressure and decrease stress on the heart.
5)
Beta-Blockers. These
medicines also reduce the workload of the heart, relax heart muscles, slow your
heartbeat, and relieve chest pain or discomfort.
So, the beta-blockers prevent heart attacks as well as are
used to treat arrhythmias.
6)
Other Medicines. Other
medicines, such as thrombolytic agents (clot busters), blood thinners (like
heparin), antiplatelet agents, and pain relievers are also used for heart attacks.
heart attack medicines |
The surgical processes are coronary
angioplasty, stenting, coronary artery bypass surgery, etc.
However, all medical procedures
should be done under the supervision of physicians or registered medical
practitioners. Self-medication is
strictly prohibited; it can be fatal.
Now,
The Conclusion
Heart attack is very dangerous for
our overall health. It can hamper the brain and kidneys also.
However, it is a serious medical
emergency and can turn into a fatal condition, but it can be prevented in several
ways.
The risk of a heart attack can be
reduced by routine check-ups and a physician’s advice.
On the other hand, treatment and
medicines are important in heart attack, but their effects can be promoted with
a heart-healthy lifestyle.
Maintaining a heart-healthy lifestyle
is beneficial to everyone, but it is more important for those who suffer from
various comorbidities.
Besides medicine, diet also plays a
vital role to prevent a heart attack.
A healthy diet can reduce your heart attack risk.
Whole grains, such as brown rice,
whole wheat, oats, quinoa, and barley contain several nutrients and dietary fiber and
act as heart-healthy foods.
Leafy green veggies and fruits are
also important to a healthy heart.
Nuts are rich in healthy unsaturated fats which maintain heart health.
Antioxidant-rich foods reduce the
oxidation of HDL and prevent the conversion of good cholesterol to bad
cholesterol.
Stress management through meditation, and yoga is also important.
Refined sugars, junk foods, smoking, and alcohol
abuse multiply the heart attack risk.
Finally, cardiac patients who have
had a heart attack can benefit from cardiac rehabilitation.
Thank You.
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